Silicone oil is a large class of compounds.Look at the chemical properties later.
Silicone oil is a polyorganosiloxane with different degree of polymerization and chain structure. It is a polycondensation ring body prepared by hydrolysis of dimethyldichlorosilane and water. The ring body is cracked and rectified to obtain low The ring body, and then the ring body, the head agent, and the catalyst are put together and tuned to obtain a mixture of various degrees of polymerization. The low-boiler can be removed by vacuum distillation to obtain a silicone oil.
The most commonly used silicone oil, all organic groups are methyl, called methyl silicone oil. Organic groups can also use other organic groups instead of part of the methyl groups, in order to improve the performance of a silicone oil and suitable for various uses. Other common groups are hydrogen, ethyl, phenyl, chlorophenyl, trifluoropropyl, etc. In recent years, organic modified silicone oils have developed rapidly, and many organic modified silicone oils with special properties have appeared.
Silicone oil is generally colorless (or light yellow), odorless, non-toxic, non-volatile liquid. Silicone oil is insoluble in water, methanol, glycol, and -ethoxy ethanol, and can be used with benzene, dimethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, Carbon tetrachloride or kerosene are mutually soluble, slightly soluble in acetone, dioxane, ethanol, and alcohol. It has a small vapor pressure, a higher flash point and ignition point, and a lower freezing point. With the number of segments n different As the molecular weight increases, the viscosity also increases. In this case, the silicone oil can have various viscosities, from 0.65 centistokes to millions of centistokes. If you want to make silicone oil with low viscosity, you can use acid clay as a catalyst, and at 180 ℃ The telomerization is carried out at a temperature, or sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst, and the telomerization is performed at a low temperature to produce a high-viscosity silicone oil or a viscous substance using an alkaline catalyst.
Silicone oil is divided into methyl silicone oil, ethyl silicone oil, phenyl silicone oil, methyl hydrogen silicone oil, methylphenyl silicone oil, methyl chlorophenyl silicone oil, methyl ethoxy silicone oil, methyl trifluoropropane according to chemical structure. Base silicone oil, methyl vinyl silicone oil, methyl hydroxy silicone oil, ethyl hydrogen silicone oil, hydroxy hydrogen silicone oil, cyanogen silicone oil, etc .; according to the application, there are damping silicone oil, diffusion pump silicone oil, hydraulic oil, insulating oil, Heat transfer oil, brake fluid, etc.
Silicone oil has excellent heat resistance, electrical insulation, weather resistance, hydrophobicity, physiological inertia and small surface tension, and also has a low viscosity temperature coefficient and high compression resistance. Some varieties also have radiation resistance. Performance.
If you only look at the most common methyl silicone oil, it is very stable. It does not react with general chemicals. It is resistant to acids and alkalis and high temperatures. It is generally used as an oil bath chemically and does not burn. Not only is it chemically stable, but it also has a high degree of insolubility. Alcohols, ethers, DMF, acetone, etc. are all clouds. Generally, only petroleum ether can wash off silicone oil.