Emulsifier of cosmetic
It is a surfactant and is a kind of amphiphilic molecule, which has both a lipophilic group and a hydrophilic part.
The molecules can be divided into heads and tails, which can be divided into different electrical properties according to the charging condition of the head base.
Its fundamental role is to reduce the interfacial energy between oil and water, resulting in a decrease in surface tension (involving some complicated theories and formulas, it will not go deep). According to electrical properties, it is divided into the following four categories:
Anionic surfactant: strong foaming and weak emulsifying power, mainly used in washing products, such as hydrophilic carboxylates, sulfate salts, phosphate salts, and the like. Commonly used are fatty acid salts (such as sodium stearate, potassium stearate), sodium lauryl isethionate, acyl glutamate, acyl sarcosinate, etc.
Amphoteric surfactant: no special cleaning and emulsifying ability, but it can reduce the irritation with surfactants such as anionic and cationic. Commonly used alkaloid amphoteric surfactant, amino acid amphoteric surfactant and alkyl morpholine Amphoteric surfactants, etc.
Nonionic surfactant: It has good emulsifying properties and is mainly used as an emulsifier in cream emulsions or as a non-foam type cleansing product. Commonly used are polyoxyethylene alkyl ether glycerol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, etc.
Cationic surfactant: It can eliminate static electricity, soft fabric and antibacterial ability. It is generally irritating, so it is mostly used for hair and makes hair more compliant. Commonly used are erion-based trimethylammonium chloride.