Recently, the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas released the national catalogue of livestock and poultry genetic resources (Draft for comments) (hereinafter referred to as the catalogue) to solicit public opinions, causing public concern. What is the list of edible terrestrial animals? Can dogs eat it? How to control animal focus disease scientifically? Zhao Xingbo, Professor of China Agricultural University and sun Quanhui, scientist of World Animal Protection Association, were invited to conduct in-depth and professional analysis in the agricultural observation column of china.com.
31 kinds of livestock and poultry are to be listed in 27 kinds of edible catalogue, which shows that there are 31 kinds of traditional livestock and special livestock and poultry that are domesticated and include their hybrid offspring. Among them, there are 18 kinds of traditional livestock and poultry, including pig, common cow, rumen, buffalo, yak, large amount cow, sheep, goat, horse, donkey, camel, rabbit, chicken, duck, goose, Turkey, pigeon, quail, etc.; there are 13 kinds of special livestock and poultry, including sika deer, red deer, reindeer, alpaca, pearl chicken, pheasant, partridge, mallard, ostrich, mink, silver fox, blue fox, raccoon dog, etc , blue fox and raccoon dog are non edible. Zhao Xingbo, Professor of China Agricultural University, introduced that the catalogue is based on the current epidemic situation and in accordance with the decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on banning the trade of illegal wild animals in an all-round way, eliminating the bad habit of eating wild animals indiscriminately, and ensuring the people's life and health and safety (hereinafter referred to as the decision) and the Animal Husbandry Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Animal Husbandry Law) Animal Husbandry Law) of the people's Republic of China. Compared with the current catalogue of genetic resources of China's livestock and poultry, the national catalogue of genetic resources of livestock and poultry (Draft for comments) is divided into Canis lupus familis, Pavo cristatus, EMU (Dromaius novaehollandiae), Cervus unicolor, Muntiacus muntjak and red fox (Vulpes) These belong to the category of special livestock and poultry.
Sun Quanhui, a scientist of the World Association for animal protection, analyzed that dogs are not included in the management of livestock and poultry. The biggest feature of this catalogue is that "dogs" are no longer included. In the "description", dogs are clearly defined as companion animals and are not included in the management of livestock and poultry. This is the first time in China's existing animal laws and regulations to define the dog's position, which helps to promote the standardized management of domestic dogs. There are different voices in society about whether to fast dog meat or not. As the law has not yet clearly prohibited, breeding, production and consumption of dog meat products are often in the gray area. Supporters and opponents often lack consensus on animal ethics, animal welfare and law enforcement. However, there is no tradition of raising and breeding "meat dogs" in China. Most Chinese have no need or habit of eating dog meat. At present, there are no inspection and quarantine regulations and food safety supervision in the process of dog breeding and production and processing, so there are greater food safety and public health risks in eating cats and dogs. There are no relevant regulations or requirements for dog slaughtering and quarantine in the world organization for animal health (OIE) and most countries, and there are no officially recognized meat dogs in China. The dogs sold on the market are mainly scattered and raised by individuals with complex sources, and there are poisoning and stealing dogs. Eating dog meat out of appetite is not only risky, but also easy to cause disease transmission and animal abuse in the process of breeding, transportation and slaughtering. Sun pointed out that the catalogue did not include dogs, at least indicating that the relevant state departments do not recommend dogs as breeding and eating objects. However, there is no legal prohibition on dog meat in China. According to local laws and regulations, Shenzhen has made it clear that dogs and cats are not allowed to eat meat, which will be implemented from May 1. We hope that after Shenzhen, more provinces and cities will be able to bring the prohibition of cat and dog and other companion animals into the scope of legislation, which will be clearly prohibited by law.
The prevention and control of animal borne diseases is of vital importance, Zhao Xingbo said. This catalogue is consistent with the spirit of the decision. The formulation of the catalogue on the one hand "shrinks" the scope of special livestock and poultry, and further clarifies the definition and boundary of livestock and poultry; on the other hand, it shrinks and tightens the development and utilization of wild animal resources, limiting its growth momentum. Domestic animals (including livestock and poultry) are wild animals highly domesticated by human beings, and are the social products of human long-term labor. Domestic animals have unique economic characteristics. Under the condition of artificial breeding, they can reproduce normally and form different varieties with artificial selection. It is essential to have stable epidemic prevention and control measures. Wild animals refer to animals that are not domesticated by human beings. Special economic animals (including special livestock and poultry) are wild animals that are domesticated by human beings but not completely domesticated. There are no stable epidemic prevention and control measures for wild animals and special economic animals. In recent years, animal borne public diseases have occurred repeatedly, and the relevant national authorities have taken a series of control measures for wild animals and domestic animals (livestock and poultry), but the spread of animal borne diseases has not been effectively curbed. The reason is that the society has not implemented effective control over animals. Therefore, for the purpose of animal disease control, the formulation of catalogue is one of the measures to strictly control special livestock and poultry. China is a big country of livestock and poultry genetic resources in the world. There are 777 species recorded in China's livestock and poultry genetic resources records (including pig records, cattle records, sheep records, poultry records, donkey and camel records, bee records and special livestock and poultry records), including 556 local breeds, 109 cultivated breeds, 104 introduced breeds and 8 other breeds. The rich resources of livestock and poultry breeds contain the economic and cultural heritage of the ancient country with five thousand years of civilization. Animal domestication is an important symbol of human civilization and also the embodiment of social progress. Zhao Xingbo said that with the progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of human civilization, it is no longer a dream to "catch turtles in the sky and the moon". The concept of livestock is far from the extension of the concept of "eating" and "using" in the era of "six livestock". In the era of science and technology, human needs for "livestock" are all-round needs of clothing, food, housing, transportation, entertainment, work assistants, experimental research and companionship. Therefore, scientific management and control of animal focus diseases, safe and rational development and utilization of wildlife resources is an unavoidable problem for the whole society.
Experts suggest that animal animal novel coronavirus pneumonia should be removed from the list of people. Dr. Sun Quanhui pointed out that the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas emphasized in the "explanation" that "after long-term artificial breeding and domestication, there are stable economic characteristics of artificial selection", and "highlighting safety, giving priority to food safety, public health safety and ecological safety", which is consistent with the spirit of the "decision". In terms of species and quantity, traditional livestock and poultry have an absolute advantage, because they are the main providers of animal food such as meat, eggs and milk, and also the main sources of animal products such as leather, mutton and down, which are in line with the current actual situation. After long-term human breeding and domestication, the safety and production performance of traditional livestock and poultry are relatively reliable, which should be the main object of national animal husbandry development both at present and in the future. There are always ethical disputes and animal welfare concerns in the breeding and utilization of wild animal fur. Sun Quanhui said that with the rapid development of social economy, the public awareness of animal protection has been constantly improved, the contribution of special economic animals (mainly fur animals and poultry) breeding industry to the economy has become smaller and smaller, but the potential risks of animal epidemics and public health and safety have not been reduced. Under the resistance of consumers, many clothing brands at home and abroad have given up the use of animal fur and supported more environmentally friendly and popular alternatives. He suggested that relevant departments should follow the international trend and the demands of consumers and remove a few fur animals from the catalogue.
Interview: Wang Jing, Xing ran (Intern) review: Wei Bo plan: Wei Bo, Wang Jing
Column positioning: agriculture is the foundation of the world. At all times and in all countries, governments attach great importance to agriculture. In view of the important policies and hot topics in the current agricultural field, China net's agricultural observation column provides you with in-depth analysis from the international and expert perspectives, explores industrial opportunities, shares agricultural development with the world, and contributes wisdom to promoting the process of agricultural and rural modernization.
Previous review:
Hubei agricultural products are so excellent. Have you spelled out the list? |[agricultural observation] phase 5
The epidemic situation is hard to stop the fragrance of spring tea -- how can the tea industry break through? |[agricultural observation] No. 4
Will there be a food crisis in China? The data tells you that [agricultural observation] issue 3
(content from Chinanet, image source: visual China)
I think it's good to "watch"!