Obesity is a common chronic metabolic disease, which is affected by many factors such as environment, unbalanced diet and heredity. These factors lead to the imbalance of energy intake and utilization. Body mass increase, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation have become the core manifestations of obese patients. Obesity not only affects the quality of life, but also induces a variety of chronic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, endocrine disorders and type 2 diabetes, which directly or indirectly causes tens of millions of deaths worldwide every year. Currently, about 13% of the world's adults are obese. Therefore, prevention and mitigation of obesity and its complications is an urgent public health problem.
Wen Yongping and Zhu from school of food science and nutrition engineering, China Agricultural University Di, Jiang Zhengqiang, et al. Used C57BL / 6J mice induced by high-fat diet as experimental animal model, through dietary intervention, to explore the regulatory effect and molecular mechanism of konjac mannan oligosaccharide on body weight and lipid metabolism of mice, in order to provide theoretical basis for the further study of the possible anti obesity mechanism of functional oligosaccharides and the development of dietary supplements with anti obesity characteristics.
1. Effect of konjac mannan oligosaccharide on body and organ mass of mice induced by high fat diet
After one week of adaptive feeding, the mice were randomly divided into 7 groups with 12 mice in each group: control group (fed with standard feed), konjac mannan oligosaccharide control group (kmos-h group, fed with standard feed + 1200 mg / kg) MB · d) konjac mannan oligosaccharide), model group (HFD group, fed with 60% high-fat diet), high, medium and low dose konjac mannan oligosaccharide treatment group (HFD + kmos-h, HFD + kmos-m, HFD + kmos-l group, fed with high-fat diet + 400, 800, 1200 mg / (kg MB · D) konjac mannan oligosaccharide), metformin treatment group (HFD + met group, fed with high-fat diet + 400 mg / (kg MB · d) metformin). The body weight of mice with high-fat diet was 20% higher than that of the control group, which was identified as obese mice.
Compared with the control group, the final body weight of HFD group increased by 21.15% (P < 0.01). The final body weight and body weight increase of mice treated with Konjac mannan oligosaccharide were significantly lower than those in HFD group (P < 0.01), which decreased by 9.76% and 36.36%, respectively. Therefore, konjac mannan oligosaccharide can significantly reduce the body weight of mice. Compared with the control group, the quality of liver, kidney, perirenal fat, scapular fat, epididymal fat and subcutaneous fat tissue in HFD group increased significantly (P < 0.01). Compared with HFD group, the quality of liver, kidney and adipose tissue in Konjac mannan oligosaccharide group and metformin group decreased significantly (P < 0.01). The weight of liver, kidney, perirenal fat, scapular fat, epididymis fat and subcutaneous fat decreased by 28.96%, 22.96%, 61.56%, 63.63%, 46.81% and 54.24% respectively after high dose of konjac mannan oligosaccharide treatment, which indicated that konjac mannan oligosaccharide could significantly improve the accumulation of fat in liver and kidney, alleviate the accumulation of fat tissue, and thus inhibit the increase of body mass induced by high fat diet in mice Trends.
2. Effect of konjac mannan oligosaccharide on blood lipid index of mice induced by high fat diet
Compared with the control group, high-fat diet significantly increased the levels of TC, LDL-C and NEFA (P < 0.01), and decreased the levels of HDL-C. Compared with HFD group, konjac mannan oligosaccharide treatment group significantly improved the abnormal blood lipid (P < 0.01), which was dose-dependent. Among them, high concentration konjac mannan oligosaccharide significantly reduced the levels of TC, LDL-C and NEFA (P < 0.01), the inhibition rates were 23.14%, 35.93% and 31.18% respectively, and the level of HDL-C increased about 1.0 times.
3. Effect of konjac mannan oligosaccharide on oxidative stress in mice induced by high fat diet
High fat diet significantly increased the level of serum inflammatory factors (P < 0.01), including TNF - α, IL-6 and MCP-1. Konjac mannan oligosaccharide showed a dose-dependent decrease in the concentration of inflammatory factors induced by high-fat diet in mice. The high-dose konjac mannan oligosaccharide reduced the levels of TNF - α, IL-6 and MCP-1 by 21.72%, 60.97% and 66.69%, respectively. The results showed that konjac mannan oligosaccharide could significantly reduce the inflammatory response induced by high fat diet in mice. Further study found that high-fat diet significantly increased the level of ROS in serum (P < 0.01), and the inhibition rates of high, medium and low-dose konjac mannan oligosaccharide groups on ROS were 67.78%, 31.61% and 33.82%, respectively.
4. Effect of konjac mannan oligosaccharide on adipose tissue induced by high fat diet in mice
High fat diet significantly increased the cell area of perirenal fat, scapular fat, epididymal fat and subcutaneous fat tissue (P < 0.05). Different concentrations of konjac mannan oligosaccharide significantly reduced the area of adipose tissue cells, and in the same field of vision, the number of adipocytes increased significantly (P < 0.01). In the high-dose konjac mannan oligosaccharide treatment group, the average area of four kinds of adipose tissue was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and the cell area of perirenal fat, scapular fat, epididymal fat and subcutaneous fat tissue was decreased by 56.41%, 77.71%, 75.77% and 81.38%, respectively.
5. Effect of konjac mannan oligosaccharide on liver tissue of mice induced by high fat diet
High fat diet significantly increased the expression of CD36 in the liver, while konjac mannan oligosaccharide inhibited the expression of CD36, indicating that konjac mannan oligosaccharide can alleviate the liver lipid accumulation induced by high fat diet. Konjac mannan oligosaccharide significantly inhibited the increase of NEFA level and the decrease of apoE level induced by high-fat diet (P < 0.05). High concentration konjac mannan oligosaccharide decreased NEFA level (about 61.76%), and increased the expression of apoE mRNA (about 95.17%). The results showed that konjac mannan oligosaccharide could regulate NEFA and apoE in liver. To further explore the expression of lipid metabolism related genes. For mice fed with high-fat diet, konjac mannan oligosaccharide significantly increased the mRNA expression of liver receptors (LXR), a key gene in cholesterol metabolism (P < 0.05) (about 86.82%), and significantly inhibited the expression of HMGCR, a rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis (P < 0.05) (about 60.45%). The expression level of adipogenesis related genes in the high fat diet group was significantly increased (P < 0.05). Konjac mannan oligosaccharide inhibited the mRNA expression of PPAR γ, srebp1c, acaca and FASN in a concentration dependent manner, with the inhibition rates of 56.69%, 41.45%, 47.85% and 32.01%, respectively.
Conclusion
Konjac mannan oligosaccharide can inhibit the increase of body weight, decrease the level of blood lipid, regulate the distribution of body fat, regulate the expression of key genes of lipid metabolism, improve the fatty degeneration of liver, regulate the level of oxidative stress, and inhibit the inflammatory response. Konjac mannan oligosaccharide can be used as a dietary supplement, which can play the role of anti obesity, alleviate liver steatosis and improve oxidative stress induced by high-fat diet.
This paper, konjac mannan oligosaccharide anti obesity activity and mechanism, comes from food science, Vol. 41, 2019, 5, page 115-121. The author: Wen Yongping, Zhu Di, Sun Jian, Yan qiaojuan, Jiang Zhengqiang. DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20190926-323。 Click below to read the original text.
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